Switching from Paper to Electronic 4473: The Complete Migration Guide

You've decided to make the switch. You're moving from paper 4473s to E4473 on Bravo Store Systems, and you want to know exactly what that process looks like — not the sales pitch, the real step-by-step.

How do you notify the ATF? What happens to your existing paper records? How do you manage the transition? What will your first inspection look like?

This guide walks through the process from pre-migration planning to your first ATF inspection using an electronic system.

Before You Start: What's Changing — and What Isn't

What Changes

  • Form 4473 completion moves from paper to electronic entry via E4473

  • Completed 4473s are stored digitally in E4473 Cloud Storage

  • Your Acquisition & Disposition (A&D) record moves to an electronic bound book

  • NICS responses are recorded within the digital workflow

  • Firearm data may auto-populate from inventory records (depending on configuration)

  • Multiple-sale detection can be system-assisted

What Does NOT Change

  • Your FFL license and responsibilities

  • The legal requirements of ATF Form 4473

  • The 20-year retention requirement for completed 4473s

  • The 5-year retention requirement for denied/cancelled transactions

  • ATF inspection authority

  • Your obligation to maintain accurate A&D records

  • Your requirement to retain existing paper records

ATF permits both paper and properly configured electronic systems under current rulings. The compliance obligation remains the same — the format changes.

Electronic systems must meet ATF requirements for:

  • Record accuracy

  • Retention

  • Backup

  • On-site availability

  • Audit trail capability

  • Export/print functionality upon request

E4473 is designed to support those requirements when properly implemented.

Phase 1: Pre-Migration (1–2 Weeks Before Go-Live)

Notify the ATF

Under ATF Ruling 2016-1, FFLs must notify their local ATF Industry Operations Area Office before implementing an electronic A&D system. ATF Ruling 2022-01 addresses electronic storage of completed 4473 forms.

Your notification should include:

  • FFL number

  • Business name

  • Licensed premises address

  • Statement of transition to electronic A&D and electronic 4473 storage

  • Software platform name (Bravo Store Systems / E4473)

  • Intended go-live date

  • Responsible contact person

This is a notification — not a request for approval.

There is no mandated waiting period, but providing advance notice demonstrates professionalism and allows your local office to update records.

Hardware & System Preparation

Minimum requirements typically include:

  • Customer-facing tablet or kiosk

  • POS terminal for dealer completion

  • Secure internet connection

  • Configured local backup (as required under 2016-1)

Electronic A&D systems must:

  • Maintain daily backups

  • Ensure records are available at the licensed premises

  • Allow printing or export upon ATF request

Confirm your vendor documents these safeguards. Bravo Store Systems handles backup configuration as part of your implementation.

Inventory Load & Accuracy

If your system auto-populates firearm information on 4473 forms, inventory accuracy becomes critical.

Before go-live:

  • Confirm serial numbers

  • Verify manufacturer and model

  • Confirm firearm type and caliber

Electronic systems reduce transcription errors, but only if the underlying data is accurate. Bravo's physical inventory toolscan help reconcile your existing stock before launch.

Staff Preparation

Electronic workflows differ from paper.

Best practices:

  • Identify one internal compliance lead

  • Schedule training close to go-live

  • Run test transactions before launch

  • Set clear expectations for the transition date

E4473 validates required fields at entry, which can significantly reduce common omissions compared to handwritten forms.

Audit Your Paper Records

Before switching:

  • Organize paper 4473s

  • Reconcile your paper A&D book

  • Resolve discrepancies

  • Set a clear cutoff date

Every transaction before that date remains in paper records. Every transaction after that date is electronic.

Avoid running dual systems simultaneously unless absolutely necessary.

Phase 2: Go-Live (Day 1)

Your First Electronic 4473

A typical workflow:

  1. Initiate the firearm sale in Bravo POS

  2. Customer completes Section A/B electronically

  3. Required fields are validated before completion

  4. Dealer reviews ID and verifies entries

  5. Firearm data populates from inventory (if configured)

  6. NICS check is conducted

  7. NICS response is recorded

  8. Dealer certification completed

  9. Form is stored digitally in E4473 Cloud Storage

  10. A&D record updates upon disposition

The first transaction may take slightly longer as staff adjust. Most dealers report transaction times normalize within several days.

Common Day-One Questions

What if the customer struggles with the tablet? Staff can assist. E4473 guides the customer field by field.

What if I select the wrong firearm? Correct before finalizing. Electronic systems reduce permanent strike-through corrections seen on paper. See our guide on how to correct errors on a completed 4473 for more detail.

What if NICS is delayed? Same legal process as paper. E4473 tracks delay dates and notifies staff of eligible transfer dates. See our complete guide on how to handle a NICS delay as an FFL dealer.

What if I make a dealer-section mistake? Most systems allow corrections before finalization. After finalization, changes should generate a documented audit trail.

Phase 3: First 30 Days

Build Habit Consistency

  • Process all firearm transfers electronically

  • Review delayed transactions daily

  • Reconcile inventory weekly during the first month

  • Monitor exception logs

Consistency builds compliance confidence.

What Happens to Your Paper Records?

Nothing changes legally.

  • Paper 4473s remain subject to retention

  • Paper A&D books remain legal records

  • You are not required to back-enter historical data

  • Do not destroy paper records early

During inspections, IOIs will review:

  • Legacy paper records

  • Current electronic records

Both must be organized and accessible.

Configuring the Auditor Login

E4473 Cloud Storage includes a restricted, read-only ATF Audit Portal for inspector access.

Setup:

  • Configure access before your first inspection

  • Ensure it provides search capability

  • Confirm session logging

  • Confirm export functionality

Electronic records should be searchable, legible, complete, and exportable upon request.

Your First ATF Inspection After Migration

Expect the IOI to:

  • Access electronic 4473s via the ATF Audit Portal

  • Review A&D entries in the electronic bound book

  • Compare serial numbers against physical inventory

  • Sample transactions across both paper and electronic records

Electronic systems often make records easier to search and retrieve. Many dealers report inspections are more efficient when records are searchable and legible, though inspection length ultimately depends on scope and findings. For a full breakdown of what to expect, see our guide on how to prepare for an ATF inspection in 2026.

Internet Outage Planning

Electronic A&D systems must:

  • Maintain backups

  • Ensure records remain accessible at the licensed premises

  • Allow printing/export during inspection

Discuss your vendor's offline and contingency procedures during onboarding. Bravo Store Systems includes local data caching and automated daily backup as part of its standard configuration.

Common Questions

Can I return to paper? Yes. However, electronic records created in the system must still be retained in their original compliant format.

Do electronic systems eliminate all errors? No system eliminates all human error. However, field-level validation and required data checks significantly reduce common omissions. Learn more about what causes the most 4473 errors.

Does ATF certify electronic systems? No. ATF does not certify POS systems. Compliance responsibility remains with the licensee.

Is inspection time guaranteed to decrease? No guarantees. However, searchable, legible records often streamline record review.

What if I have multiple locations? Bravo Store Systems and E4473 support multi-location operations with centralized compliance management across all licensed premises.

What does it cost? E4473 is included with your Bravo Store Systems subscription. There's no per-transaction fee for 4473 processing. Cloud storage is included. Contact Bravo for current pricing.

Migration Timeline Summary

PhaseTimingActionsPre-Migration1–2 weeksATF notification, setup, training, inventory auditGo-LiveDay 1All new transactions electronicFirst 30 DaysWeeks 1–4Build consistency, monitor logsFirst InspectionAs scheduledPaper + electronic records reviewed

Final Thoughts

Switching from paper to electronic 4473 is not a regulatory shortcut. It's a workflow modernization.

Your obligations remain the same:

  • Accurate records

  • Proper retention

  • Timely A&D updates

  • NICS compliance

  • Inspection readiness

What changes is how efficiently you can manage those obligations.

When implemented correctly, electronic systems can:

  • Reduce handwriting errors

  • Improve record legibility

  • Streamline retrieval during inspections

  • Standardize workflows across staff

Compliance remains your responsibility. The right tools can help you manage it more consistently.

Ready to make the switch? Schedule a free demo to see the full E4473 workflow on Bravo Store Systems, or email us at hello@e4473.com.

Related Reading:

Next
Next

How to Correct Errors on a Completed 4473: The FFL's Definitive Guide